Let's say we bring a magnet close to the tube while it's energized and we align it so that its field is roughly normal to the surface of the vacuum chamber. Since the velocity vectors of the electrons will be pointing roughly from the cathode to the the anode without an external magnetic field, we can use this to find out what effect a magnetic field will have if we introduce one.

In this context, it tells us that electrons will be accelerated from the cathode to the anode due E, the electrostatic field created by the high voltage power supply and that those electrons will also be accelerated by another field, B, in a manner that is dependent on the velocity, v, of those electrons. Magnetic Deflection: In physics, we all learned the Lorentz force law ( F = q ), or the force on a point charge due to electromagnetic fields.

These ions will be deposited on the walls of the chamber near the anode and will create a silvery band somewhat reminiscent of the 'getter' inside of an old vacuum tube. Sputtering: If the acceleration potential is high enough, then some electrons striking the anode will have enough energy to knock metal ions right off the electrode. Some interesting effects that can be observed at this stage are sputtering and magnetic deflection. However, instead of impacting the anode and returning to the power supply, some electrons will fly right past it and keep going until they hit a glass wall. When enough of the air in the chamber has been removed, electrons will freely accelerate from the negative electrode (cathode) towards the positive electrode (anode). Essentially, our cathode ray tube is just two electrodes in a vacuum chamber with a high voltage applied between them. Nowadays, advanced versions of this type of accelerator are commonly used for radiotherapy and ion implantation. Later, in the early 20th century, Cockroft and Walton (yup, the same hooligans responsible for the voltage multiplier) used a similar design to build the first true electrostatic linear accelerator, or 'static linac' for short. Thomson and subsequently used to make several important discoveries about the fundamental nature of the atom and the electron. The design we will be using was first created in the late 19th century by J.J. & amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp lt br& amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp gt *** Thanks for all the support, guys! This project was featured on Hackaday, Slashgear, Engadget, Gizmodo, Gadgetblog, Tecmundo, Matuk, Zedomax DIY, and Make, as well as in the weekly newsletter and multiple times on our own front page! Please don't forget to rate/vote! Xellers ***Īs complex as the idea of a particle accelerator might seem, it's actually strikingly simple to implement.

Cathode ray experiment video